Question |
Answer |
The smallest piece of matter that still retains the properties of the element |
Atom |
Number on the periodic table that represents the number of protons in an atom |
Atomic Number |
Number on the periodic table that is the weighted average mass of the mixture of isotopes that exists naturally for an element |
Average Atomic Mass |
Showed through light spectroscopy that electrons existed in specific energy levels in 1913 |
Bohr |
Father of modern atomic theory – showed with experiments in 1800 that all elements had atoms as their smallest particles |
Dalton |
Ancient Greek who first said all matter was made of small indivisible particles called “atomos” |
Democritus |
Region outside of the nucleus where the electrons are found |
Electron Cloud |
Current atomic model with electrons not as particles in orbits, but wave-particles in areas of probability |
Electron Cloud Model |
Negatively charged particles in an atom |
Electrons |
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
Isotopes |
The sum of the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus |
Mass Number |
Neutral particles in the nucleus of an atom |
Neutrons |
The center of the atom containing protons and neutrons |
Nucleus |
Positively charged particles in an atom |
Protons |
Smallest known particle that makes up protons and neutrons |
Quarks |
Discovered the positive nucleus at the center of atoms with gold foil experiment in 1911 |
Rutherford |
Discovered electrons with cathode ray tube experiments in 1904 |
Thompson |
Each energy level of an atom can hold a maximum number of what? |
electrons |
The filling order for electrons in a Bohr diagram is |
2,8,18,32 |
What do the dots in a Lewis Electron Dot diagrams represent? |
electrons in the outer level or valence electrons |
What does the chemical symbol represent? |
the name of an element |
The mass number of any element equals what? |
The protons + the neutrons |
Where is the atomic number found? |
At the top of the element box |
Why do different metals produce different colors when burned? |
Electrons are “excited” by added energy, and jump to another energy level. When they “fall back,” they release energy as light. The amount released determines the color seen. |
How do you indicate a specific isotope of an element? |
By adding the mass number of that isotope (example: H-1, C-14) |
How do we show protons, neutrons and electrons on a Bohr diagram? |
proton – p+; neutron – n; electron – e-; protons and neutrons in nucleus, electrons in energy levels |
He discovered the neutron. |
James Chadwick |
He believed that all matter was made up of earth, air, fire, and/or water. |
Aristotle |
In an experiment, it is the variable that is being tested or manipulated. |
Independent variable |
Calculate the mass number of a element with 6 protons, 6 electrons, and 6 neutrons. |
12 Sum of protons and neutrons |
Diagram or model showing an element symbol and dots representing the outermost electrons only. |
Lewis structure or diagram |
Diagram showing particles in the nucleus and all electrons in their energy levels. |
Bohr model |
How many electrons may reside in energy level 1 if it is full? |
2 |
How many electrons may reside in energy level 2 if it is full? |
8 |
How many electrons may reside in energy level 3 if it is full? |
18 |
How many electrons may reside in energy level 4 if it is full? |
32 |